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Mission San Luis Rey de Francia is a former Spanish mission in the present-day city of Oceanside, California. The mission was founded on June 13, 1798 by Padre Fermín Lasuén, and was the eighteenth of the Spanish missions established in California. Named for Saint Louis, the mission lent its name to the Luiseño tribe of Mission Indians. The current church, built in 1811, is the third church on this location. It is a National Historic Landmark, for its pristine example of a Spanish mission church complex.〔 Today the mission complex functions as a parish church of the Diocese of San Diego as well as a museum and retreat center. ==Spanish Era== The first non-natives to see the mission site were members of the 1769 Portola expedition. Padre Juan Crespi noted in his diary on July 18 that it would be a good spot for future establishment of a mission. He named the place "San Juan Capistrano", but that name was used instead for the mission founded further north in 1776. The area became a standard camping stop on the road connecting the missions, until the mission establishment 29 years later. The original name ''La Misión de San Luis, Rey de Francia'' (The Mission of Saint Louis, King of France) was named for King Louis IX of France.〔〔 Its 'nickname' was "King of the Missions"〔 It was founded by padre Fermín Lasuén on June 13, 1798, the eighteenth of the twenty-one Spanish missions built in the Alta California Province of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.〔〔Yenne, p. 156〕〔 At its prime, Mission San Luis Rey's structures and services compound covered almost , making it one of the largest of the missions, along with its surrounding agricultural land.〔 Two outposts were built in support of Mission San Luis Rey and placed under its supervision: San Antonio de Pala Asistencia in 1816 and Las Flores Estancia in 1823. An early account of life at the Mission was written by one of its Native American converts, Luiseño Pablo Tac, in his work ''Indian Life and Customs at Mission San Luis Rey: A Record of California Mission Life by Pablo Tac, An Indian Neophyte'' (written c.1835 in Rome, later edited and translated in 1958 by Minna Hewes and Gordon Hewes). In his book, Tac lamented the rapid population decline of his Luiseño people after the founding of the mission: "In Quechla not long ago there were 5,000 souls, with all their neighboring lands. Through a sickness that came to California, 2,000 souls died, and 3,000 were left."〔 The Mission-born, Franciscan-educated Tac wrote that his people initially attempted to bar the Spaniards from invading their Southern California lands. When the foreigners approached: "...the chief stood up...and met them," demanding, "...what are you looking for? Leave our Country!" Pablo Tac went on to describe the preferential conditions and treatment the padres received: "In the mission of San Luis Rey de Francia the Fernandiño father is like a king. He has his pages, alcaldes, majordomos, musicians, soldiers, gardens, ranchos, livestock...."〔Lightfoot, p. 105〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mission San Luis Rey de Francia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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